The men who drafted the field manuals for the American guerrillas—or what they generally referred to as unconventional warfare—used as models, the guerrilla campaigns in the Philippines; the partisan movements in the Soviet Union and the Balkans; the experiences of émigrés co‐opted into American service, and former [Axis] officers.

The Army’s secret review of the European partisan movements was assisted by ex‐Wehrmacht officers who had taken part in their suppression; they were coauthors of reports that colored American views of the nature of guerrilla (and counterguerrilla) warfare for decades to come.

A common view emerged that terror was an essential tool of both guerrillas and counterguerrillas. The American manuals and assorted training materials made explicit reference to the utility—indeed, the necessity—of its use from hostage‐taking to selective assassination.

In 1983, John Judge’s research lead him to conclude that

Dictatorships — Arisen in South America and throughout the world whose fascist rhetoric and genocidal direction come directly from Nazi collusion and training, not historical chance.[12]

As well, Imperial America’s police learned these counterinsurgency techniques from the CIA‐linked Office of Public Safety… although the article does not spell it out, we can infer that there is an indirect line—a genealogy—between the Axis and Imperial America’s police force.

Cheers to OLAASM for showing me this.