A single-atom platinum catalyst lights ammonia at 200 °C and keeps it burning steadily at 1,100 °C with low NOx, generating high-grade, carbon-free heat for steel, cement and chemicals.

…Ammonia is a tempting fuel for the world’s hottest jobs. It can be made from air, water and renewable electricity, stored as a liquid and shipped using know-how industry already has.

However, the snag is that it is stubborn to ignite, burns sluggishly and tends to spew nitrogen oxides (NOx) when pushed to high temperatures. That mix has kept heavy industry—where high-grade heat is non-negotiable—tethered to fossil fuels…

…In work published in Joule, a team led by Professor Yan Ning from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Assistant Professor He Qian from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering designed a catalyst that gets ammonia burning just above 200°C and sustains clean combustion at 1,100°C. Importantly, it converts the fuel completely into nitrogen and water, with only trace amounts of NOx…