that’s a great observation. the difference in size of the original evenly distributed random integer space and smaller integer space is important too. if the difference is big enough the smaller random integer space will be equally likely.

Unless you’re running a casino I wonder if a good CTF could be made making use of this. eg, having a casino software and task is to exploit it to have infinite money glitch or something.

Thank you for the correction! I wrote the post in hurry that’s why this mistake.